Purpose of this resource
Plain-English explanations of recurring terms used in Israeli criminal, civil, enforcement, and insolvency proceedings. The material is written for readers who need a reliable starting point without unnecessary legal jargon.
Important limitations
Israeli legal rights and deadlines depend on the governing statute, the type of proceeding, service, court orders, and the individual record. Official sources and case-specific advice should be consulted before action is taken.
When legal advice is appropriate
Professional advice is especially important when a deadline is approaching, liberty or property is at risk, an authority has issued a decision, or communications and documents may become evidence.
Explore the English resources
Interrogation under caution
Questioning a person as a suspect after a concise statement of the suspicion and explanation of rights.
Read more Criminal lawRight to consult counsel
The right to receive legal advice before interrogation and, where Israeli law provides, during detention.
Read more Criminal lawInvestigative detention
Pre-indictment detention assessed through reasonable suspicion, a statutory ground, and possible alternatives.
Read more Criminal lawDetention alternative
Conditions intended to achieve detention objectives less restrictively, such as supervision, exclusion, or electronic monitoring.
Read more InsolvencyOrder commencing proceedings
An order opening a supervised framework for an individual's debts under the Insolvency Law.
Read more InsolvencyProof of debt
A creditor's claim in insolvency, submitted for review and participation in distributions.
Read more InsolvencyEconomic rehabilitation order
The order setting the remainder of the insolvency plan, including payments and other directions.
Read more InsolvencyDischarge
Release from qualifying past debts, subject to law and completion of proceeding duties.
Read more InsolvencyDebt arrangement
An agreed framework with creditors concerning amount, installments, dates, or funding sources.
Read more InsolvencyStay of proceedings
A temporary suspension of collection or other proceedings by an order and on stated conditions.
Read more Civil litigationStatement of claim
A pleading stating the claimant's material facts, causes of action, and requested relief.
Read more Civil litigationStatement of defense
The defendant's response, version, defenses, and supporting documents.
Read more Civil litigationCounterclaim
An independent claim brought by the defendant against the claimant in the existing proceeding.
Read more Civil litigationInterim relief
An order preserving the status quo or preventing frustration of the proceeding before final judgment.
Read more Civil litigationDefamation
A publication capable of humiliating, degrading, or harming a person or occupation, subject to statutory definition and context.
Read more EnforcementObjection to enforcement of a note
A procedure transferring a dispute over a check or promissory note filed for enforcement to judicial determination.
Read more Civil litigationMediation
A consensual process in which a neutral person helps parties explore resolution without deciding the dispute.
Read more Civil litigationLawful service
Delivery of a court document in a legally recognized manner that may start a response period.
Read more Court abbreviationsT.P.
Hebrew case abbreviation for a criminal case in which an indictment has been filed.
Read more Court abbreviationsM.T.
Hebrew abbreviation for an application to detain a defendant pending trial after indictment.
Read more Court abbreviationsM.I.
Hebrew abbreviation for an investigative-detention file before indictment.
Read more Court abbreviationsA.M.T.
Hebrew abbreviation for an appeal concerning detention or release conditions.
Read more Court abbreviationsB.S.P.
Hebrew abbreviation for a criminal application in the Supreme Court, including detention and leave matters.
Read more Court abbreviationsA.P.
Hebrew abbreviation for a criminal appeal against conviction, sentence, or both.
Read more Court abbreviationsR.A.P.
Hebrew abbreviation for an application for leave to appeal in criminal proceedings, usually a third instance.
Read more Court abbreviationsT.A.
Hebrew abbreviation for a civil claim in the Magistrates' or District Court.
Read more Court abbreviationsT.A.D.M.
Hebrew abbreviation for a civil claim in the expedited track, subject to current conditions and amount.
Read more Court abbreviationsH.D.L.P.
Hebrew abbreviation for an insolvency and economic rehabilitation proceeding.
Read more Court abbreviationsA.S.A.
Hebrew abbreviation for a civil appeal or objection assigned a special statutory route.
Read more Court abbreviationsA.T.M.
Hebrew abbreviation for an administrative petition to a District Court sitting as an Administrative Affairs Court.
Read more Court abbreviationsH.T.
Hebrew abbreviation for an application for a prevention of threatening harassment order.
Read more Court abbreviationsT.P.H.
Hebrew abbreviation for a serious felony case heard by a District Court panel.
Read more Criminal lawHospitalization order
An order or proceeding concerning compulsory psychiatric hospitalization, depending on context.
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